Sunday, February 2, 2025

application challenging the Order of ACJM passed in Section 14 of SARFAESI Act 2002

 

IN THE DEBTS RECOVERY TRIBUNAL III, KOLKATA

JEEVAN SUDHA BUILDING (8th FLOOR)

42C, J.L. NEHRU ROAD

KOLKATA – 700 071

 

IA NO. ______________Of 2025

(Diary No. ______________of 2025)

Arising out of

SARFAESI APPLICATION NO. 627 OF 2024

(Diary No. 1210 of 2024)

 

                                        In the matter of;

M/s. Global Aqua, & Another;

--- ---- PETITIONERS

 

VERSUS

 

Canara Bank, & Another;

----- ---- RESPONDENTS

 

AN APPLICATION TO SET ASIDE ORDER DATED 21/01/2025, PASSED IN COMPLAINT CASE NO. 220 OF 2024, RE-CHRISTENED AS MISC CASE NO. 29 OF 2025, CNR NO. WBHW120023152024, (CASE U/S. 14 SARFAESI ACT) BY LEARNED COURT OF ADDITIONAL CHIEF JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE, ULUBERIA, HOWRAH (J.O. CODE – WB 00953);

The humble petition of the above named Petitioners, most respectfully;

Sheweth as under :

 

1.   That the above referred application has been placed under sub section (1) of Section 17 of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, and the challenge is the Possession Notice dated 03-07-2024, under Rule 8 (1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, in respect of the Immovable Property categorized as Primary Security and Collateral Security, wherein the Primary Security is in respect of the Industrial Land as described and the Collateral Securities are the residential occupation, and thereby asked to pay Rs. 11,51,75,616.12/- (Rupees Eleven Crore Fifty One Lakhs Seventy Five Thousand Six Hundred Sixteen and paise twelve) only, within Sixty days. A copy of the said notice was pasted on the wall of the premise of the petitioner. The said possession notice issued by the concerned respondent bank is arising out of the Notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002.

 

2.   That during pendency of the above referred SARFAESI application, the petitioners came into knowledge from searching of the E-Courts Services, that the respondent Bank has assailed with an application under Section 14 of SARFAESI Act 2002, which has been registered as Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, before the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah. The Petitioners submitted Written Objections to the said application. The Learned Magistrate taken the said application being Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, on 21-01-2025, and was pleased to pass Order dated 21/01/2025, the operative portions of the said Order dated 21/01/2025, is reproduced herein as follows;

 

“Hence, it is ORDERED that, the applicant/ secured creditor i.e. Canara Bank, represented by it’s authorized officer is hereby permitted to take physical possession of the immovable property of the borrower/ respondent as morefully described in the schedule of the application and reproduced thus:- Schedule of the property Equitable mortgaged of Industrial Land at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. Equitable mortgaged of Factory Shed/ Boundary at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. The Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah, is hereby directed to take physical possession of the scheduled property and upon taking such possession, the same shall be handed over to the authorized officer of the applicant bank/ secured creditor. If the schedule property is under lock and key, the petitioner/ secured creditor may break open the same on following terms and conditions :-

1.   That the padlock of the lock and key of the scheduled property shall be broken in presence of the authorized officer of the applicant/ secured creditor i.e. Canara Bank.

2.   That such breaking open of the padlock/ lock shall be undertaken in presence of a reputed person of the locality wherein the scheduled property is situate.

3.   That upon such breaking open of the padlock/ lock, the applicant/ Bank shall prepare a inventory list in respect of the articles lying inside the premises forming the scheduled property.

4.   That upon preparation of such inventory copies of the same shall be handed over the head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, the respondent/ borrower and this Court, forthwith, and

5.   That the Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah shall be at liberty to seek Police help in case he faces any obstruction in carrying out the order of this Court and shall submit a compliance report of the same forthwith.

The applicant/ secured creditor shall bear the expenses/ stipulated cost for providing force by the police.

Let a copy of this order be provided to the head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah, and the Secured Creditor for information and compliance. To 19.02.2025 for report.

 

Certified copy of the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953), is annexed herewith.

 

3.   That the Possession Notice dated 03-07-2024, under Rule 8 (1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, in respect of the Immovable Property categorized as Primary Security and Collateral Security, wherein the Primary Security is in respect of the Industrial Land as described and the Collateral Securities are the residential occupation, and thereby asked to pay Rs. 11,51,75,616.12/- (Rupees Eleven Crore Fifty One Lakhs Seventy Five Thousand Six Hundred Sixteen and paise twelve) only, within Sixty days. A copy of the said notice was pasted on the wall of the premise of the petitioner. The said possession notice issued by the concerned respondent bank is arising out of the Notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002.

 

Photostat Copies of the Possession Notice dated 03-07-2024, under Rule 8 (1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, and Notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure – “A” Collectively.

 

4.   That the applicant is the proprietor of the Proprietorship Firm under the name and style of M/s. Global Aqua and is engaged in the business of processing, trading, and exports of fish and fishery products. Pertinently, the applicant availed credit facilities since the month of November’ 2016, in the nature of MSME Sahay, Car Loan, and Packing Credits, from the Respondent Bank, wherein the applicant paid in full, the said MSME Sahay Loan of Rs. 60 Lakhs, & Car Loan of Rs. 10 Lakhs, in terms prescribed by the Respondent Bank. The Term Loan has been continuing in terms of the repayment prescribed by the Respondent Bank. 

 

5.   That the said Term Loan being No. 0145766000027, has been sanctioned by the Respondent Bank considering the Credit worthiness of the Petitioner, on 27-12-2017, for a sum of Rs. 8,90,00,000/- (Rupees Eight Crore Ninety Lakhs) only, which the petitioner had been paying continuously to the respondent bank which commenced as per instructions of the respondent bank on 27/01/2018. The petitioner has paid a sum of Rs. 1,83,52,560/- (Rupees One Crore Eighty Three Lakhs Fifty Two Thousand and Five Hundred Sixty) only, as on 31/03/2020, Rs. 1,17,01,000/- (Rupees One Crore Seventeen Lakhs and One Thousand) only, as on 31/03/2021, Rs. 2,85,68,864/- (Rupees Two Crore Eighty Five Lakhs Sixty Eight Thousand and Eight Hundred Sixty Four) only, as on 31-03-2022, Rs. 2,23,42,230/- (Rupees Two Crore Twenty Three Lakhs Forty Two Thousand and Two Hundred Thirty) only, as on 31-03-2023, and Rs. 2,13,46,875/- (Rupees Two Crore Thirteen Lakhs Forty Six Thousand and Eight Hundred Seventy Five) only, as on 31-03-2024, therefore the total sum of repayment is Rs. 10,23,11,529/- (Rupees Ten Crore Twenty Three Lakhs Eleven Thousand and Five Hundred Twenty Nine) only, made by the Petitioner to the Respondent Bank as on 31-03-2024. The terms of the repayment by the Petitioner showed his credit worthiness and good concise in making repayment to the respondent bank.

 

Photostat Copy of the Term Loan Statements are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure – “B” Collectively.

 

6.   That the GECL is a loan for which 100% guarantee would be provided by National Credit Guarantee Trustee Company (NCGTC) and which will be extended in the form of additional working capital term loan facility to eligible MSMEs/ Business Enterprises and interested Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) borrowers. The loan tenure is six years from the date of the first disbursement, including a two-year moratorium period. The interest rate is 1 year MCLR plus 0.60% per annum, or MSME - RLLR plus 0.60% per annum. The maximum interest rate is 9.25% per annum. There is no pre-payment penalty if the loan is repaid early. The account can be operated in combination with applicable interest subvention schemes. The primary assets are those created out of the credit facility. The GECL has been surfaced during the Covid-19 period pursuing the financial situation in the Pandemic by the Government of India. In the instant case in hand the Respondent Bank on due intervention of the Government of India, has given sanctioned of Working Capital Term Loan under GECL Scheme vide Ref. No. 0145/111/2020-21, dated 22.09.2020, for a sum of Rs. 160 Lakhs (Rupees One Hundred Sixty Lakhs) only, to build up current assets, to meet operational liabilities and restart the business activity of Processing, Trading and Exports of Fish and Marine Products of the Petitioner. The Tenure of the said GECL is for 48 months, by giving 12 months moratorium on surfacing the 7.50% rate of interest thereon, wherein the Primary Security assets created out of the existing credit facility permitted. The Petitioner did not apply for such GECL credit facility. The Respondent Bank suo-moto has driven such financial facility to the Petitioner, considering his creditworthiness. The Petitioner obliged in making the repayment to the said GECL Financial facility to the respondent bank. The Petitioner had paid a sum of Rs. 3,39,774/- (Rupees Three Lakhs Thirty Nine Thousand and Seven Hundred Seventy Four) only, as on 31-03-2021, Rs. 28,59,000/- (Rupees Twenty Eight Lakhs and Fifty Nine Thousand) only, as on 31-03-2022, Rs. 55,88,896/- (Rupees Fifty Five Lakhs Eighty Eight Thousand and Eight Hundred Ninety Six) only, as on 31-03-2023, and Rs. 56,73,815/- (Rupees Fifty Six Lakhs Seventy Three Thousand and Eight Hundred Fifteen) only, as on 31-03-2024, therefore a total sum of Rs. 1,44,61,485/- (Rupees One Crore Forty Four Lakhs Sixty One Thousand and Four Hundred Eighty Five) only has been paid by the Petitioner to the Respondent Bank by 31-03-2024. Pertinently, the tenure of the repayment has not yet been expired.

 

Photostat copy of the GECL guideline and related notification with the GECL Loan Statements are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure “C” Collectively.

 

7.   That the Petitioner had availed Packing Credit Limit understand as PC/FDB/FBE, from the Respondent Bank on 16/03/2016, for a sum of Rs. 200 Lakhs for purchase of raw material and for other pre-shipment expenses and for discount/negotiation/purchase of export bills against confirmed orders/ letter of credit of prime bank, backed by buyer wise policy, the period for repayment is 90 days, the tenability of the said Packing Credit is one year from the date of sanction. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 24/11/2017 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit from 450 Lakhs to Rs. 550 Lakhs. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 22/05/2019 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit of Rs. 550 Lakhs. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 18/10/2019 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit 900 Lakhs. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 22/03/2021 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit of Rs. 600 Lakhs. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 07-09-2022 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit of Rs. 600 Lakhs. The Fresh Packing Credit Limit has been given by the Respondent Bank on 29/02/2024 to the Petitioner upon total payment realization of the earlier Packing Credit limit, to the limit of Rs. 300 Lakhs. The Petitioner has made the repayment of the Packing Credit Limit time and again in terms prescribed by the Respondent Bank.

 

Photostat copy of the Sanction Memorandums of Packing Credit are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure “D” Collectively.

 

8.   That the said Demand Notice dated 28-03-2023, had various errors which include the housing loan and home secure loan which have never been disbursed to the petitioner. The said demand notice stated that the Loan accounts of the petitioner as NPA on 22-03-2024, yet the Demand Notice dated 28-03-2023 was on 28-03-2023. Moreover, the said Demand Notice dated 28-03-2023, stated that the operation and conduct of financial assistance or credit facilities had become irregular since October, 2020. If that allegation is held to be true, the Respondent Bank had sanctioned various renewals even in 2024. In the case in hand the respondent Bank by a Letter being Reference No. ROKOL/MSMESULABH/SANC/206A/2023-24, dated 29-02-2024, Permitted renewal with realignment of existing PC/FDB/FBE limit of Rs. 600.00 Lakhs to PC/FDB/FBE limit of Rs. 300.00 Laks and OCC/ODBD limit of Rs. 300.00 Lakhs, for a period of one year from the date of sanction. Such discrepancies in an important demand Notice, which is the basis of initiating recourses under the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, cannot be taken in a casual approache, so far. As such said Demand Notice is bad in law for being factually incorrect more particularly did not disclose the real debt. Furthermore, the said Demand Notice included the Housing Loan and Home Secure Loan which has never been disbursed to the Petitioner. Therefore, the amount demanded in the said Demand Notice is also bad in law and a clear indication of malpractice by the Respondent Bank. Such unfair trade practices are against the guidelines set forth by the Reserve Bank of India and as such the Reserve Bank of India had issued notification / circular being RBI/2024-25/30 DoS.Co.PPG.SEC.1/11.01.005/2024-25, dated 29-04-2024, addressing such issues and had directed the Financial Institutions to review their practices regarding mode of disbursal of loan, application of interest and other charges and take corrective action, including system level changes, as may be necessary, to address the issues highlighted above. The Respondent Bank had been wary about the non-disbursal of the housing loan, yet they did not take any corrective measure.

 

9.   That the Petitioner had deposited Rs. 35,00,000/- (Rupees Thirty Five Lakhs) only in the month of February, 2024, out of which Rs. 10,50,000/- (Rupees Ten Lakhs and Fifty Thousand) only, was converted into Fixed Deposit whimsically by the Respondent Bank, without obtaining any consent and knowledge of the Petitioner. If the Respondent Bank had been fair in its practice and realized the amount towards GECL Loan the account of the petitioner would not have been consider for NPA, any more. Very surprisingly, the Respondent Bank had liquidated the said Fixed Deposit of Rs. 10,50,000/- (Rupees Ten Lakhs and Fifty Thousand) only, on 05/03/2024, and the same was adjusted towards packing credit loans. Moreover, after the realignment of the Petitioner’s loan were sanctioned on 29-02-2024. Such unfair trade practices by the respondent bank can be construed as mala fide and corrupt which has resulted in undue hardship upon the petitioner.

 

10.         That the Petitioner had sent an e-mail dated 22-03-2024 thereby informing the respondent bank regarding its inability to pay the required GECL and term loan dues and had further requested to liquidated the Fixed Deposits held with the Respondent Bank towards the payment of the aforementioned payments. Furthermore, the Petitioner had stated the financial condition will change in the month of April’ 2024, wherein the Petitioner will be able to make the payments.

 

11.         That the Respondent Bank replied to its e-mail dated 22-03-2024 stating inter alia that the Fixed Deposits lying with the Respondent Bank are parts of Security for the Loan availed by the Petitioner and further stated that the Petitioner is required to clear the overdues otherwise the Petitioner’s account would be classified as a Non-Performing Asset (NPA) on that day.

   

Photostat copies of the Email communications between the Petitioner and the Respondent Bank are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure – “E” Collectively.

 

12.         That the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, has been suffering from inherent defects including that on the headings of the Loan Amount allegedly claimed to have been disbursed to the petitioner. For instance the demand of payment against Housing Loan is included in the demand notice but the same is a fictitious loan transaction to burden the petitioner, illegally.

 

13.         That so long a concrete statement of account is not prepared showing the actual debt of the petitioner, no notice demanding payment on the basis of fictitious transaction can be served and acted upon against any person. In the instant case the dubious stands of the respondent bank has surfaced; Specially, when in-spite of having the specific knowledge of non disbursement of housing loan to the petitioner they still stick to their demand. Such arrogance and fraudulent approach of the respondent bank are surprising and require immediate intervention of the Hon’ble Tribunal.

 

14.         That the desperation of the respondent bank is also clearly visible from their conduct in proceeding under Section 13(4) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002. This conduct itself is an attempt to throttle the petitioner, so that the respondent bank can behave like a vulture on the dead body of the petitioner. It is the obligation of the respondent bank as to why they can claim money from the proposed disbursement of housing loan, without correction of the mistake of the bank. Further arrangement to realize, the said amount in itself to fraud and perjury.

 

15.         That the Learned Advocate for the respondent bank in his Notice dated 07/10/2024, and in his subsequent Corrigendum dated 19th day of October’ 2024, have enhanced the demand to the extent of Rs. 12,46,84,542.58 (Rupees Twelve Crore Forty Six Lakhs Eighty Four Thousand Five Hundred Forty Two and paise Fifty Eight) only. This has been done even after knowledge about the fictitious transaction prepared by the bank.  The Learned Advocate of the bank has not taken any steps.

 

Photostat Copy of the said Notice dated 07/10/2024, and subsequent Corrigendum dated 19th day of October’ 2024, are annexed herewith and marked as Annexure – “F” Collectively.

 

16.         That the Petitioner states that the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, has been suffering from inherent defects including that on the headings of the Loan Amount allegedly claimed to have been disbursed to the petitioner. For instance the demand of payment against Housing Loan is included in the demand notice but the same is a fictitious loan transaction to burden the petitioner, illegally.

 

17.         That the Petitioner states that Housing Loan has never been disbursed even after sanctioned by the Respondent Bank. No money on account of Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, has ever been given to the Petitioner or to the Developer favouring to the Petitioner in Purchasing the Flat in terms of registered Agreement for sale dated 21/10/2021, registered in Book No. I, Volume No: 1904-2021, Page No: 545024 to 545075, Being No. 190411911/2021, registered in the office of the A.R.A. - IV KOLKATA. Surprisingly, the Respondent bank had taken the EMIs from the Petitioner, deducting the amount on their own without any consent or intimation to the Petitioner. The Petitioner is astonished in coming to the knowledge of such fact which surfaced in the purported notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, and on subsequent recourses adopted by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner. The Petitioner is not liable to pay any money on account of non-disbursement of Housing Loan. The Petitioner is entitled to get his money back with appropriate banking rate of interest thereon which has been deducted and or taken by the Respondent Bank as alleged illegal EMIs of the said Housing Loan.

 

Photostat Copy of the Sanction Memorandum of Housing Loan dated 27-09-2023, is annexed herewith and marked as Annexure – “G”.

 

18.         That the Petitioner states that the Petitioner found another Loan Account being Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, in the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, which has never been applied by the Petitioner and sanctioned by the Respondent Bank, though a different loan account has been surfaced at the behest of the Respondent Bank and surprisingly EMIs are being deducted by the Respondent Bank without any information and consent of the Petitioner. Therefore the Petitioner is entitled to get his money back with appropriate banking rate of interest which has been illegally taken by the Respondent Bank.

 

19.         That the Petitioner states that Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, and Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, are the established cause of fraud by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner to ruin his business and to reveal such truth, the Forensic Audit is required by the independent Auditor upon the necessary directions of the Hon’ble Tribunal.

 

20.         That the Petitioner states that Forensic Audit is necessary to unearth the true states of affaire in giving the financial facilities by the Respondent Bank as well as in availing the financial facilities by the Petitioner, herein. More particularly in respect of Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, and Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, which are never given or disbursed by the Respondent Bank to the Petitioner, though the EMIs have been deducted and taken on such fraudulent fictitious Loan Accounts by the respondent Bank.

 

21.         That the Petitioner states that the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, does not disclose the Real Debts owed by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner, herein.

 

22.         That the Petitioner states that the  said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, is a fictitious Demand Notice on the Petitioner. Pertinently no notice of demand has ever been served on the Petitioner.

 

23.         That the Petitioner states that the alleged Primary Security being EMT of Industrial Land at Nawapala P.S. Bagnan, Block Bagnan under Saratchandra Gram Panchayat, District Howrah, Pin -711303 comprising in RS Plot No. 482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, under J.L. No. 25, together with the factory shed, are the Plot of Land of Agricultural Nature on the day, the Original Title Deed has been submitted by the Petitioner to Create the Equatable Mortgage  against the Term Loan Account Number 0145766000027, in the month of December’ 2017. The Properties are of agricultural nature on the date of creation of the equitable mortgage to the Respondent Bank, therefore the provisions of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, is not applicable in respect of the said properties of the agricultural nature in terms of Section 31(i) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002.

 

24.         That the Petitioner states that the Classification of Loan Accounts as NPA has not been adhered to the RBI Guide line, as the Respondent Bank has realigned the existing limits of the Loan Account by the Sanctioned Memorandum dated 29-02-2024, and thereafter on elapse of less than 30 (thirty) days, on 22-03-2024, the said Loan accounts has been classified as NPA by the Respondent Bank, which is unbelievable and not acceptable in the eye of Law. Facts showed the illegality in serving the alleged purported notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002,  on the Petitioner.

 

25.         That the Petitioner states that the Possession Notice under Section 13(4) of the Act, 2002, for immovable property, dated 03-07-2024, is not in prescribed terms of Rule 8(1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, the description of the properties has not been given with the butted and bounded. The agricultural property has been described therein which is a blocked land. Such encumbrances have not been disclosed even after having full knowledge.

 

26.         That the Petitioner states that the conduct itself is an attempt to throttle the petitioner, so that the respondent bank can behave like a vulture on the dead body of the petitioner. It is the obligation of the respondent bank as to why they can claim money from the proposed disbursement of housing loan, without correction of the mistake of the bank. Further arrangement to realize, the said amount in itself to fraud and perjury.

 

27.         That the petitioner states that the order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, which refused to take on record the written objection of the petitioner by the learned Magistrate is an established act of refusal of principle of natural justice. Even Copy of the said Order has not ever been assailed or directed to give the Petitioner by the Learned Magistrate is an act of Violation of the established Law of Land.

 

28.         That the Petitioner states that the application under Section 14 of SARFAESI Act 2002 cannot be said to be an application being complaint which has been registered as Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, in the Court of the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah. Such registration is contrary to the Law.

 

29.         That the Petitioner states that the said Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, by the Learned ACJM, Uluberia, Howrah, clearly reflect and well established that the Learned Magistrate, failed to take affidavit containing the entire facts mentioned in Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, as the Learned Magistrate stated in the said Order dated 21-01-2025 “At this stage, one affidavit is filed by the petitioner bank through it’s authorized representative, whereby the petitioner bank affirms that no stay order is in operation from any corner in respect of this proceeding u/s 14 of SARFAESI Act. Let same be made part of the record”. It is crystal clear that no affidavit mentioning the facts in terms of  Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been came before the Learned Magistrate and has the same ever considered. The Learned Magistrate violate the provision of law while dealing with the application under Section 14 of SARFAESI ACT 2002, since the affidavit in terms of Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has never been asked for by the learned Magistrate from the respondent bank therefore no consideration on the nine point checklists has ever been taken on record.

 

30.         That the Petitioner states that it is requirement of Section 14 of SARFAESI Act that the Authorized Officer of the Respondent Bank has to file affidavit containing therein facts mentioned in Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, and in absence of such affidavit no application under Section 14 of SARFAESI Act dealt with in any manner, whatsoever.

 

31.         That the Petitioner states that the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not speak about the date of sanction of the financial assistance, the Loan Account Number or the Contract number by which such purported financial assistance has ever been given by the respondent bank to the petitioner. It is depicted in the said purported order that the financial assistance to the tune of Rs. 17,08,96,461/- was sanctioned as loan to the petitioner, which is not correct statements, as observed by the Learned Magistrate.

 

32.         That the Petitioner states that the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not speak about the service of the Demand Notice under Section 13(2) of the SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been served on the Petitioner by the Respondent Bank. Nothing found about the Postal Receipts, A/D Card returned, or the Postal Track Reports has ever been placed by the respondent bank to show the sufficient services of the Demand Notice on the Petitioner. This is also not placed on the record that the demand notice under section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been made published in the News Papers widely circulated, and therefore there was an occasion has arise that the Petitioner herein was well in the receipt of the demand notice. Therefore the said Order dated 21-01-2025, has not given any satisfaction on the due services of the said demand notice under Section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act 2002, upon the Borrower.

 

33.         That the Petitioner states that the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not say that the Authorized Officer has ever tendered any Original documents before the Learned Magistrate, for verification with copies on record. Such documents are Loan Sanction Memorandum, Loan Agreements, Title Deeds of Mortgages Property, Notice given under Section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act to Borrower, postal receipts, Paper Publication etc.

 

34.         That the Petitioner states that while the respondent bank has resorted to the remedy under Section 13(4) of SARFAESI Act 2002, therefore the respondent bank could not directly invoke Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, while the measures taken under Section 13(4) of SARFAESI Act is under challenge before the Tribunal.

 

35.         That the Petitioner states that the delegation of the authority of the Learned Magistrate has limitations, under the provisions of Section 14(1)(a) of the SARFAESI Act 2002. The Learned Magistrate cannot delegate such power to a Head Clerk or similar position unless authorized by legislative amendments of the prescribed provisions. Therefore the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate does not have the authority to directly authorize a Head Clerk to take possession of an immovable property under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002. The power lies solely with the Learned Magistrate, who can either take possession himself or delegate the task to an appropriate officer within his court, but not to a Head Clerk.

 

36.         That the Petitioner states that the Act 2002 does not explicitly mandate serving a copy of the order passed under this section to the borrower. However, judicial precedents have addressed the importance of notifying the borrower to uphold principles of natural justice.

 

37.         That the Petitioner states that the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, described the schedule of the property as Equitable mortgaged of Industrial Land at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. Equitable mortgaged of Factory Shed/ Boundary at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. Which does not contain the (i) identification of property, (ii) boundaries (butted & bounded), (iii) Property Dimensions being measurement, & (iv) Landmark being nearby of the property. Therefore the impugned order suffered with inherent procedural integrity and do not prevent potential legal or operational issues in taking the possession of the schedule property, which does not have any clarity in identification, so far.

 

38.         That the Petitioner states that the impugned order dated 21-01-2025, contained vague or generic directions, such as authorizing the secured creditor to “break open” locks without specifically addressing legal safeguards and the nature of the property in question. This is because such blanket permissions could lead to misuse, procedural irregularities, and potential violation of law. The impugned order created ambiguity or affect properties not related to the secured debt.

 

39.         That the Petitioner states that the impugned order should direct possession of the property through lawful means and under proper supervision, ensuring no damage or undue force is applied. The impugned order should mandate adherence to tenancy laws, third-party rights, and other relevant regulations.

 

40.         That the Petitioner states that from perusal of the operative portion of the order of the Ld. Magistrate, it transpire that the Learned Magistrate has not recorded anything about the nine points affidavit ever submitted by the said secured creditor, and the same has ever been persuaded to his satisfaction. Next the Learned Magistrate has permitted the representative of the Secured Creditor to take physical possession of the immovable property of the borrower, and the description of the schedule property does not contained the measurement of the plot of land, boundaries of the property is not there in the schedule, no landmark even given as nearby of the alleged property, and to very next the Learned Magistrate directed to the Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah to take  physical possession of the schedule property and upon taking such possession, the same shall be handed over to the Authorized Officer of the Secured Creditor. If the scheduled property is under lock and key, the secured creditor may break open the same. The Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah shall be at liberty to seek police help in case he faces any obstruction in carrying out the order of this court. Since Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002 required the Magistrate to take possession of the secured assets and documents and to make it over the secured creditor. In the instant case the Ld. Magistrate did not adhere to section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, he proceeded mechanically and de hors the power under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, without application of mind and without ascertaining the factual correctness of the matter.

 

41.         That the petitioner states that it is settled principles of law that although recovery of public dues should be made expeditiously, but it should be in accordance with law. The Court cannot loose sight regarding any illegality or irregularity of the SARFAESI measures taken by the Secured Creditor.

 

42.         That the Petitioner states that the said Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, being the impugned Criminal proceedings is manifestly attended with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on the petitioner with an oblique motive and/ or for an extraneous purpose and was out and out harassment to the petitioner.

 

43.         That the Petitioner states that the enigmatic approach of the respondent bank has created fauxpas to trap him illegally. A nationalized bank is not expected to get involved in creating such atmosphere which is equivalent to literally extortion. The Act itself resembles the scheme of vulture accounts more familiar in the western countries. In the instant case a nationalized bank has failed the expectation of the billions. As such the Hon’ble Tribunal should school them accordingly.

 

44.         Being aggrieved by and dissatisfied with the purported impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah, as well as the following Notice under Section 13(4) of the Act, 2002, for immovable property, dated 03-07-2024, as well as notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, the petitioner beg to move this application on the following amongst other;

 

 

 

 

 

GROUND

 

I.             FOR THAT in terms of the prescribed provisions of the Statute, the Authorised Officer has to mention the true and correct Demand of Debt, in the Demand Notice under Section 13(2) of the Act, 2002;

 

II.           FOR THAT the Respondent Bank have wrongly and prematurely classified the Loan accounts of the Petitioner as a Non Performing Assets (NPA) without following the rules set forth by the Reserve Bank of India;

 

III.         FOR THAT the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, has been suffering from inherent defects including that on the headings of the Loan Amount allegedly claimed to have been disbursed to the petitioner. For instance the demand of payment against Housing Loan is included in the demand notice but the same is a fictitious loan transaction to burden the petitioner, illegally;

 

IV.         FOR THAT so long a concrete statement of account is not prepared showing the actual debt of the petitioner, no notice demanding payment on the basis of fictitious transaction can be served and acted upon against any person. In the instant case the dubious stands of the respondent bank has surfaced; Specially when in-spite of having the specific knowledge of non disbursement of housing loan to the petitioner they still stick to their demand. Such arrogance and fraudulent approach of the respondent bank are surprising and require immediate intervention of the Hon’ble Tribunal;

 

V.           FOR THAT the desperation of the respondent bank is also clearly visible from their conduct in issuing notice under Section 13(8) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002. This conduct itself is an attempt to throttle the petitioner, so that the respondent bank can behave like a vulture on the dead body of the petitioner. It is the obligation of the respondent bank as to why they can claim money from the proposed disbursement of housing loan, without correction of the mistake of the bank. Further arrangement to realize, the said amount in itself to fraud and perjury;

 

VI.         FOR THAT the Learned Advocate for the respondent bank in his Notice dated 07/10/2024, and in his subsequent Corrigendum dated 19th day of October’ 2024, have enhanced the demand to the extent of Rs. 12,46,84,542.58 (Rupees Twelve Crore Forty Six Lakhs Eighty Four Thousand Five Hundred Forty Two and paise Fifty Eight) only. This has been done even after knowledge about the fictitious transaction prepared by the bank.  The Learned Advocate of the bank has not take any steps;

 

VII.       FOR THAT the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, has been suffering from inherent defects including that on the headings of the Loan Amount allegedly claimed to have been disbursed to the petitioner. For instance the demand of payment against Housing Loan is included in the demand notice but the same is a fictitious loan transaction to burden the petitioner, illegally;

 

VIII.     FOR THAT the Housing Loan has never been disbursed even after sanctioned by the Respondent Bank. No money on account of Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, has ever been given to the Petitioner or to the Developer favouring to the Petitioner in Purchasing the Flat in terms of registered Agreement for sale dated 21/10/2021, registered in Book No. I, Volume No: 1904-2021, Page No: 545024 to 545075, Being No. 190411911/2021, registered in the office of the A.R.A. - IV KOLKATA. Surprisingly, the Respondent bank had taken the EMIs from the Petitioner, deducting the amount on their own without any consent or intimation to the Petitioner. The Petitioner is astonished in coming to the knowledge of such fact which surfaced in the purported notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, and on subsequent recourses adopted by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner. The Petitioner is not liable to pay any money on account of non-disbursement of Housing Loan. The Petitioner is entitled to get his money back with appropriate banking rate of interest thereon which has been deducted and or taken by the Respondent Bank as alleged illegal EMIs of the said Housing Loan;

 

IX.        FOR THAT the Petitioner found another Loan Account being Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, in the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, which has never been applied by the Petitioner and sanctioned by the Respondent Bank, though a different loan account has been surfaced at the behest of the Respondent Bank and surprisingly EMIs are being deducted by the Respondent Bank without any information and consent of the Petitioner. Therefore the Petitioner is entitled to get his money back with appropriate banking rate of interest which has been illegally taken by the Respondent Bank;

 

X.          FOR THAT the Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, and Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, are the established cause of fraud by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner to ruin his business and to reveal such truth, the Forensic Audit is required by the independent Auditor upon the necessary directions of the Hon’ble Tribunal;

 

XI.        FOR THAT the Forensic Audit is necessary to unearth the true states of affaire in giving the financial facilities by the Respondent Bank as well as in availing the financial facilities by the Petitioner, herein. More particularly in respect of Housing Loan  No. 160001872780, and Housing Loan Secure Account Number 164003832543, which are never given or disbursed by the Respondent Bank to the Petitioner, though the EMIs have been deducted and taken on such fraudulent fictitious Loan Accounts by the respondent Bank.

 

XII.      FOR THAT the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, does not disclose the Real Debts owed by the Respondent Bank against the Petitioner, herein;

 

XIII.    FOR THAT the said notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, is a fictitious Demand Notice on the Petitioner. Pertinently no notice of demand has ever been served on the Petitioner;

 

XIV.    FOR THAT the alleged Primary Security being EMT of Industrial Land at Nawapala P.S. Bagnan, Block Bagnan under Saratchandra Gram Panchayat, District Howrah, Pin -711303 comrising in RS Plot No. 482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, under J.L. No. 25, together with the factory shed, are the Plot of Land of Agricultural Nature on the day, the Original Title Deed has been submitted by the Petitioner to Create the Equatable Mortgage  against the Term Loan Account Number 0145766000027, in the month of December’ 2017. The Properties are of agricultural nature on the date of creation of the equitable mortgage to the Respondent Bank, therefore the provisions of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002, is not applicable in respect of the said properties of the agricultural nature in terms of Section 31(i) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002;

 

XV.      FOR THAT the Classification of Loan Accounts as NPA has not been adhered to the RBI Guide line, as the Respondent Bank has realigned the existing limits of the Loan Account by the Sanctioned Memorandum dated 29-02-2024, and thereafter on elapse of less than 30 (thirty) days, on 22-03-2024, the said Loan accounts has been classified as NPA by the Respondent Bank, which is unbelievable and not acceptable in the eye of Law. Facts showed the illegality in serving the alleged purported notice dated 28/03/2023, under Section 13(2) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002,  on the Petitioner;

 

XVI.    FOR THAT the Possession Notice under Section 13(4) of the Act, 2002, for immovable property, dated 03-07-2024, is not in prescribed terms of Rule 8(1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, the description of the properties has not been given with the butted and bounded. The agricultural property has been described therein which is a blocked land. Such encumbrances have not been disclosed even after having full knowledge;

 

XVII.  FOR THAT the notice dated 07-10-2024, under Section 13(8) of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act’ 2002 is a final call of the illegal recourses of the Respondent Bank served on the petitioner. Such illegal recourses should be nipped in the bud;

 

XVIII.FOR THAT the petitioner states that the order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, which refused to take on record the written objection of the petitioner by the learned Magistrate is an established act of refusal of principle of natural justice. Even Copy of the said Order has not ever been assailed or directed to give the Petitioner by the Learned Magistrate is an act of Violation of the established Law of Land;

 

XIX.    FOR THAT the application under Section 14 of SARFAESI Act 2002 cannot be said to be an application being complaint which has been registered as Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, in the Court of the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah. Such registration is contrary to the Law;

 

XX.      FOR THAT the said Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, by the Learned ACJM, Uluberia, Howrah, clearly reflect and well established that the Learned Magistrate, failed to take affidavit containing the entire facts mentioned in Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, as the Learned Magistrate stated in the said Order dated 21-01-2025 “At this stage, one affidavit is filed by the petitioner bank through it’s authorized representative, whereby the petitioner bank affirms that no stay order is in operation from any corner in respect of this proceeding u/s 14 of SARFAESI Act. Let same be made part of the record”. It is crystal clear that no affidavit mentioning the facts in terms of  Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been came before the Learned Magistrate and has the same ever considered. The Learned Magistrate violate the provision of law while dealing with the application under Section 14 of SARFAESI ACT 2002, since the affidavit in terms of Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has never been asked for by the learned Magistrate from the respondent bank therefore no consideration on the nine point checklists has ever been taken on record;

 

XXI.    FOR THAT it is requirement of Section 14 of SARFAESI Act that the Authorized Officer of the Respondent Bank has to file affidavit containing therein facts mentioned in Section 14(1)(b)(i) to 14(1)(b)(ix) of SARFAESI Act 2002, and in absence of such affidavit no application under Section 14 of SARFAESI Act dealt with in any manner, whatsoever.

 

XXII.  FOR THAT the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not speak about the date of sanction of the financial assistance, the Loan Account Number or the Contract number by which such purported financial assistance has ever been given by the respondent bank to the petitioner. It is depicted in the said purported order that the financial assistance to the tune of Rs. 17,08,96,461/- was sanctioned as loan to the petitioner, which is not correct statements, as observed by the Learned Magistrate;

 

XXIII.                FOR THAT the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not speak about the service of the Demand Notice under Section 13(2) of the SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been served on the Petitioner by the Respondent Bank. Nothing found about the Postal Receipts, A/D Card returned, or the Postal Track Reports has ever been placed by the respondent bank to show the sufficient services of the Demand Notice on the Petitioner. This is also not placed on the record that the demand notice under section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act 2002, has ever been made published in the News Papers widely circulated, and therefore there was an occasion has arise that the Petitioner herein was well in the receipt of the demand notice. Therefore the said Order dated 21-01-2025, has not given any satisfaction on the due services of the said demand notice under Section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act 2002, upon the Borrower;

 

XXIV.                FOR THAT the said Order dated 21-01-2025, did not say that the Authorized Officer has ever tendered any Original documents before the Learned Magistrate, for verification with copies on record. Such documents are Loan Sanction Memorandum, Loan Agreements, Title Deeds of Mortgages Property, Notice given under Section 13(2) of SARFAESI Act to Borrower, postal receipts, Paper Publication etc.;

 

XXV.  FOR THAT while the respondent bank has resorted to the remedy under Section 13(4) of SARFAESI Act 2002, therefore the respondent bank could not directly invoke Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, while the measures taken under Section 13(4) of SARFAESI Act is under challenge before the Tribunal;

 

XXVI.                FOR THAT the delegation of the authority of the Learned Magistrate has limitations, under the provisions of Section 14(1)(a) of the SARFAESI Act 2002. The Learned Magistrate cannot delegate such power to a Head Clerk or similar position unless authorized by legislative amendments of the prescribed provisions. Therefore the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate does not have the authority to directly authorize a Head Clerk to take possession of an immovable property under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002. The power lies solely with the Learned Magistrate, who can either take possession himself or delegate the task to an appropriate officer within his court, but not to a Head Clerk;

 

XXVII.              FOR THAT the Act 2002 does not explicitly mandate serving a copy of the order passed under this section to the borrower. However, judicial precedents have addressed the importance of notifying the borrower to uphold principles of natural justice;

 

XXVIII.            FOR THAT the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, described the schedule of the property as Equitable mortgaged of Industrial Land at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. Equitable mortgaged of Factory Shed/ Boundary at Nawpala, P.S. Bagnan, Block –Bagnan-II under Sarat Chandra Gram Panchayat, Dist – Howrah, Pin 711303, in the name of Mr. JAYANTA CHOWDHURY, S/O. Ajay Chowdhury, RS Plot  482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25. Which does not contain the (i) identification of property, (ii) boundaries (butted & bounded), (iii) Property Dimensions being measurement, & (iv) Landmark being nearby of the property. Therefore the impugned order suffered with inherent procedural integrity and do not prevent potential legal or operational issues in taking the possession of the schedule property, which does not have any clarity in identification, so far;

 

XXIX.                FOR THAT the impugned order dated 21-01-2025, contained vague or generic directions, such as authorizing the secured creditor to “break open” locks without specifically addressing legal safeguards and the nature of the property in question. This is because such blanket permissions could lead to misuse, procedural irregularities, and potential violation of law. The impugned order created ambiguity or affect properties not related to the secured debt;

 

XXX.  FOR THAT the impugned order should direct possession of the property through lawful means and under proper supervision, ensuring no damage or undue force is applied. The impugned order should mandate adherence to tenancy laws, third-party rights, and other relevant regulations;

 

XXXI.                FOR THAT from perusal of the operative portion of the order of the Ld. Magistrate, it transpire that the Learned Magistrate has not recorded anything about the nine points affidavit ever submitted by the said secured creditor, and the same has ever been persuaded to his satisfaction. Next the Learned Magistrate has permitted the representative of the Secured Creditor to take physical possession of the immovable property of the borrower, and the description of the schedule property does not contained the measurement of the plot of land, boundaries of the property is not there in the schedule, no landmark even given as nearby of the alleged property, and to very next the Learned Magistrate directed to the Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah to take  physical possession of the schedule property and upon taking such possession, the same shall be handed over to the Authorized Officer of the Secured Creditor. If the scheduled property is under lock and key, the secured creditor may break open the same. The Head Clerk, ACJM Court, Uluberia, Howrah shall be at liberty to seek police help in case he faces any obstruction in carrying out the order of this court. Since Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002 required the Magistrate to take possession of the secured assets and documents and to make it over the secured creditor. In the instant case the Ld. Magistrate did not adhere to section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, he proceeded mechanically and de hors the power under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act 2002, without application of mind and without ascertaining the factual correctness of the matter;

 

XXXII.              FOR THAT it is settled principles of law that although recovery of public dues should be made expeditiously, but it should be in accordance with law. The Court cannot loose sight regarding any illegality or irregularity of the SARFAESI measures taken by the Secured Creditor;

 

XXXIII.            FOR THAT the said Complaint Case no. 220 of 2024, being the impugned Criminal proceedings is manifestly attended with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on the petitioner with an oblique motive and/ or for an extraneous purpose and was out and out harassment to the petitioner;

 

XXXIV. FOR THAT the enigmatic approach of the respondent bank has created fauxpas to trap him illegally. A nationalized bank is not expected to get involved in creating such atmosphere which is equivalent to literally extortion. The Act itself resembles the scheme of vulture accounts more familiar in the western countries. In the instant case a nationalized bank has failed the expectation of the billions. As such the Hon’ble Tribunal should school them accordingly;

 

XXXV.       FOR THAT the actions of the Respondent Bank is otherwise ex facie bad in law and hence not maintainable;

 

45.               That in the given facts and circumstances, your petitioner seeks to get the direction of the Hon’ble Tribunal to set aside the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953), in the interest of administration of justice.

 

46.               Unless Orders as prayed for herein are made the Applicant shall suffer irreparable loss, prejudice and injury thereof.

 

47.               That this application is made bona fide and for the end of justice.

 

It is therefore, most respectfully prayed as follows:-

 

a.    To set aside the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953), in the interest of administration of Justice;

 

b.   To restrained the concerned Respondent, its men, agents, servants, officials and persons claiming under it from giving any effect to or from in any manner acting in pursuance of the provisions of the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Securities Interest Act, 2002, the impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953); and/or any other act or acts of the Respondent pursuant to laws  relating to Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Securities Interest Act, 2002, and the consequential laws thereto and thereunder be removed and the Respondent be restrained from selling the SCHEDULE OF SECURED ASSETS /PROPERTIES property of the Petitioner;

 

c.    To restraining the concerned Respondent, its men, agents, servants, officials and persons claiming under it from giving effect to or executing the said impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953), or any other notices consequential thereto, till the disposal of the present case;

 

d.   An appropriate order of status-quo till the disposal of this application;

 

e.    For an exemplary cost may be imposed upon the Respondent Bank;

 

f.     An appropriate order prohibiting and or quashing the concerned Respondent from giving or further effect and / or action in furtherance to impugned Order dated 21-01-2025, passed in Complaint Case No. 220 of 2024, re-christened as Misc Case No. 29 of 2025, CNR No. WBHW120023152024, by the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Uluberia, Howrah (J.O. Code – WB00953), and also restraining them from taking any further steps under the SARFEASI Act 2002;

 

g.    Such or other order may kindly also be passed as deemed fit and proper in the fact and circumstances of this case.

 

And for this act of kindness your petitioner as in duty bound shall ever pray.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCHEDULE OF SECURED ASSETS /PROPERTIES

Description of immovable property

 

Sl. No.

Description of the Immovable Securities

1

Hypothecation of Plant & Machinery in the factory.

EMT of Industrial Land at Nawapala P.S. Bagnan, Block Bagnan II under Saratchandra Gram Panchayat, District Howrah, Pin – 711303, in the name of Jayanta Chowdhary.

R.S. Plot – 482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25

 

EMT of factory shed/ boundary at Nawapala P.S. Bagnan, Block Bagnan II under Saratchandra Gram Panchayat, District Howrah, Pin – 711303, in the name of Jayanta Chowdhary.

R.S. Plot – 482, 486, 504, 555, 544, 542, 543, J.L. No. 25

 

 

 

 VERIFICATION

 

                   I, Jayanta Chowdhury, Proprietor of M/s. Global Aqua, being the petitioner, hereby solemnly verify that the contents of paragraphs 1 to _____ are true to my personal knowledge and belief and that I have not suppressed any material facts.

 

                   I sign this Verification on this _____day of ___________’ 2025.

 

 

 

AFFIDAVIT

 

Affidavit of Jayanta Chowdhury, proprietor of M/s. Global Aqua, Son of Late Ajay Chowdhury, having Office and residence at Premises being no. 44/1A, Shyamnagar Road, Police Station – Dum Dum, Kolkata – 700055, District North 24 Parganas, West Bengal.

 

I, the above deponent do hereby solemnly affirm and declare as under :-

 

1 : That I am the applicant, and thoroughly conversant with the facts and circumstances of the present case and am competent to swear this affidavit.

 

2 : That the facts contained in my accompanying petition / application, the contents of which have not been repeated herein for the sake of brevity may be read as an integral part of this affidavit and are true and correct to my knowledge.

 

 

 

 

                                                                                      DEPONENT

Verification

 

I, the above named deponent do hereby solemnly verify that the contents of my above affidavit are true and correct to my knowledge, and no part of it is false and nothing material has been concealed therein.

Verified this _____ day of ______________’ 2025, at the Kolkata.

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                   DEPONENT

                                                                   Identified by me,

 

                                                                   Advocate.

Prepared in my Chamber,

 

Advocate.

Dated : _____day of __________’ 2025.

Place : Kolkata.                                          

 

N O T A R Y

 

 

IN THE DEBTS RECOVERY TRIBUNAL III, KOLKATA

JEEVAN SUDHA BUILDING

(8th FLOOR)

42C, J.L. NEHRU ROAD

KOLKATA – 700 071

 

IA NO. ____________OF 2025

(Diary No. __________of 2025)

arising out of

SA NO 627 OF 2024

(Diary No. 1210 of 2024)

 

In the matter of ;

GLOBAL AQUA & ANR.

--- ---- PETITIONERS

VERSUS

 

CANARA BANK & ANR.

----- ---- RESPONDENTS

 

 

APPLICATION TO SET ASIDE ORDER DATED 21/01/2025, PASSED IN COMPLAINT CASE NO. 220 OF 2024, RE-CHRISTENED AS MISC CASE NO. 29 OF 2025, CNR NO. WBHW120023152024, (CASE U/S. 14 SARFAESI ACT) BY LEARNED COURT OF ADDITIONAL CHIEF JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE, ULUBERIA, HOWRAH (J.O. CODE – WB 00953);

 

Advocate on Record;

Ashok Kumar Singh, Advocate High Court Bar Association Room No. 15, High Court Calcutta, Mobile Number : 9883070666, 9836829666, Email : aksinghadvocate@rediffmail.com

Brief Notes of Argument on behalf of the Opposite Parties in Consumer Case

 

Before the Hon’ble District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, South 24 Parganas

Baruipur, Kolkata – 700144

 

 

Consumer Complaint Case No. 48 of 2018

 

                                                In the matter of ;

 

                                                Abhijit Ghosh,

                                                        _________Complainant

 

·        Versus –

 

M/s. Madhabi Service Station & Others,

        _________Opposite Parties

 

 

Brief Notes of Argument on behalf of the Opposite Party no. 4 & 4(a);

Indian Oil Corporation Limited

 

·      Facts;

IOCL did not have any connection in respect of money transaction by the Complainant. This is the O.P. no. 1, M/s. Madhabi Service Station, through alleged “Debit Card” and “Pay TM” machine used by them and the alleged disputes has been arose by and between them.

October, 2017, the complainant filled up his car with diesel worth Rs. 1,889.94 from the Petrol Pump of the O.P. no. 1, M/s. Madhabi Service Station, and made online payment for the price of diesel. To make online payment, he delivered his debit card and PIN to the service person of the said petrol pump. The said service person realized Rs. 1,89,000/- by swiping the debit card instead of Rs. 1,889.94 due to inadvertence or bonafide mistake. When the mistake was reported to the O.P. no. 1, by the complainant, the O.P. made then and then the said sale “Void Sale” and assured the complainant that the money would be returned to his account within a few days. Thereafter, the complainant also made online payment of Rs. 1,889.94 to the said O.P. that day for the diesel purchased by him. But the sum of Rs. 1,89,000/- has not been returned to the account of the complainant as yet from the account of the O.P. maintained with City Bank. Complainant waited till 14.02.2018, but to no effect. Therefore, he has filed the present consumer case.”

The alleged transaction has never been performed by IOCL.

IOCL never had taken any money from the Complainant.

The alleged incident as described by the complainant herein is solely with the complainant and the other O.P’s. IOCL is not a cup of tea in the entire alleged story given by the Consumer Complaint.

The Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) does not have a direct contractual relationship with the consumer who buys their products, as the contract is typically made with a distributor or gas agency, meaning the consumer cannot directly sue IOCL in a consumer court for any issues with their product or service due to the lack of a "privity of contract." 

·       Distributor relationship;

IOCL primarily deals with distributors who then sell the products to consumers, creating a "principal-to-principal" relationship between IOCL and the distributor, not with the individual consumer.

 

·       Consumer Protection Act implications;

 

Because of this lack of direct contract, a consumer cannot claim "deficiency in service" against IOCL under the Consumer Protection Act. In the case in hand there is no deficiency in services has ever been described or given by the Complainant on the party of IOCL.

 

·      Judicial precedents;

 

Indian Oil Corporation – Versus – Consumer Protection Council, Kerala and another, decided on Dec. 7th, 1993, reported in 1994 SCC 1 397, wherein it was held that the IOCL is not liable for the irregularities committed by another O.P. as (1) in view of the Dealership Agreement, the relationship between the dealer and the IOCL is one of the principal to principal basis and not as a principal to agent. Since the relationship was of principal to principal basis, there was no privity of contract between the IOCL and the Consumer and therefore, the complaint filed by the consumer against the IOCL was not maintainable. & (2) Insofar as “there is no privity of contract between the appellant and the consumer no ‘deficiency’ as defined under Section 2(g) of the Consumer Protection Act states as follows: “(g) ‘deficiency’ means any fault, imperfection, shortcoming or inadequacy in the quality, nature and manner of performance which is required to be maintained by or under any law for the time being in force or has been undertaken to be performed by a person in pursuance of a contract or otherwise in relation to any service;” arises. Therefore, the action itself is not maintainable before the Consumer Forum. For all these reasons, we set aside the judgments of the authorities below. Civil Appeal will stand allowed. However, in the circumstances of the case there shall be no order as to costs.

 

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Monday, January 20, 2025

Section 14 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002

 

Section 14 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002, empowers the Chief Metropolitan Magistrate (CMM) or District Magistrate (DM) to assist secured creditors in taking possession of secured assets. Over time, various judicial precedents have clarified the scope and application of this provision:

1. Inclusion of Chief Judicial Magistrate (CJM):

In The Authorized Officer, Indian Bank vs. D. Visalakshi and Ors., the Supreme Court held that in non-metropolitan areas, a Chief Judicial Magistrate is equally competent to handle applications under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act. This decision aligned with the views of the High Courts of Kerala, Karnataka, Allahabad, and Andhra Pradesh, while overturning contrary decisions from the High Courts of Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttarakhand.

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2. Authority of Additional District Magistrate (ADM) and Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate (ACMM):

The Supreme Court, in R.D. Jain and Co v. Capital First Ltd (2022), addressed whether ADMs and ACMMs could exercise powers under Section 14. The Court concluded that both ADMs and ACMMs are on par with DMs and CMMs concerning the functions under Section 14, thereby allowing them to assist secured creditors in taking possession of secured assets.

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3. Appointment of Advocates as Receivers:

In Rahul Chaudhary v. Andhra Bank & Ors., the Delhi High Court ruled that District Magistrates and Chief Metropolitan Magistrates could appoint advocates as receivers to take possession of secured assets. The court emphasized that as long as the discretion is exercised with due care and caution, such appointments are consistent with Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act.

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4. Obligation of Magistrates to Assist Secured Creditors:

The Allahabad High Court has emphasized that it is the statutory duty of the District Magistrate or Chief Judicial Magistrate to assist secured creditors in taking possession of secured assets and related documents under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act.

Supreme Court News

These judicial interpretations have been instrumental in delineating the roles and responsibilities of various magistrates under Section 14, ensuring that secured creditors can effectively enforce their security interests in compliance with the SARFAESI Act.

Section 14 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002, empowers the secured creditor to approach the Chief Metropolitan Magistrate (CMM) or District Magistrate (DM) to assist in taking possession of secured assets and documents. It facilitates the enforcement of security interest without court intervention in certain situations.

Key Provisions of Section 14:

  1. Application by Secured Creditor:
    • A secured creditor (such as a bank or financial institution) can file an application with the CMM or DM to assist in taking possession of a secured asset or documents related to the asset.
  2. Magistrate's Assistance:
    • Upon receipt of the application, the CMM or DM is obligated to provide necessary assistance to enable the secured creditor to take possession of the asset or control over it.
  3. Time Frame:
    • The amendment made to Section 14 mandates that the magistrate must pass an order within 30 days of receiving the application. This period may be extended by an additional 60 days with written reasons for the delay.
  4. Appointment of Receivers:
    • The CMM or DM may authorize an officer subordinate to assist in taking possession. In certain cases, advocates are appointed as receivers to ensure possession is taken appropriately.
  5. Requirements for Filing Application:
    • The secured creditor must submit an affidavit stating:
      • The details of the secured asset.
      • The borrower's default and classification of the account as a Non-Performing Asset (NPA).
      • That the secured creditor has complied with all provisions of the SARFAESI Act and relevant rules.
  6. Enforcement without Borrower's Consent:
    • Section 14 enables the secured creditor to enforce the security interest even without the borrower’s consent, provided due process under the Act is followed.

Important Judicial Precedents:

  • Harshad Govardhan Sondagar v. International Assets Reconstruction Company Limited (2014): The Supreme Court held that the rights of tenants, if any, must be respected while taking possession of the secured asset.
  • Standard Chartered Bank v. Noble Kumar (2013): Clarified that Section 14 proceedings are purely administrative and the magistrate does not need to adjudicate any disputes regarding the debt.
  • Authorized Officer, Indian Bank v. D. Visalakshi (2019): Confirmed that both CMMs and Chief Judicial Magistrates (CJMs) have jurisdiction in areas without metropolitan magistrates.

Section 14 serves as a critical mechanism in the SARFAESI framework, ensuring creditors can enforce their security rights swiftly and effectively while balancing borrowers' and third-party rights.

While dealing with an application under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act, 2002, the Magistrate (Chief Metropolitan Magistrate or District Magistrate) must ensure compliance with certain requirements to fulfill the statutory mandate. The following are nine critical checkpoints:

1. Jurisdiction of the Magistrate:

  • Confirm whether the Magistrate has territorial jurisdiction over the secured asset mentioned in the application.

2. Affidavit as per Section 14(1A):

  • Verify that the secured creditor has filed an affidavit as mandated under Section 14(1A), which includes:
    • Details of the secured asset.
    • Borrower’s default.
    • Classification of the account as a Non-Performing Asset (NPA).
    • Compliance with Sections 13(2) (demand notice) and 13(4) (enforcement of security interest).
    • No judicial or tribunal stay against the secured creditor’s actions.

3. Demand Notice Under Section 13(2):

  • Ensure the secured creditor has issued a demand notice under Section 13(2) to the borrower and waited for the statutory 60-day period for repayment or rectification of the default.

4. Authorization from the Secured Creditor:

  • Confirm that the person filing the application is duly authorized by the secured creditor, such as the Authorized Officer, to take possession of the secured asset.

5. Details of the Secured Asset:

  • Ensure the application includes accurate details of the secured asset and its location, allowing the Magistrate to pass an effective possession order.

6. No Pending Dispute:

  • Ascertain that there are no pending cases, disputes, or injunction orders related to the secured asset that might prevent the Magistrate from proceeding with the application.

7. Compliance with Timelines:

  • Verify that the secured creditor has approached the Magistrate within a reasonable time frame after invoking its rights under Section 13(4) of the Act.

8. Appointment of an Appropriate Receiver (if required):

  • If appointing a receiver, ensure that the individual is competent to carry out the task of taking possession of the secured asset in accordance with the law.

9. Fair Procedure and Borrower's Rights:

  • Confirm that the secured creditor has followed due process as prescribed under the SARFAESI Act, including ensuring that the borrower's fundamental rights are not violated during the enforcement of the security interest.

By adhering to these checkpoints, the Magistrate ensures compliance with the SARFAESI Act, safeguards the rights of all parties involved, and avoids legal challenges to the possession order.

Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act, 2002, is not applicable to agricultural land. This is because the SARFAESI Act explicitly excludes certain categories of property, including agricultural land, from its purview.

Legal Basis for Exclusion of Agricultural Property:

  1. Provisions under Section 31(i):
    • Section 31(i) of the SARFAESI Act states that the provisions of the Act do not apply to:

"A lien on any goods, money, or security given under the Agricultural Credit Operations and Miscellaneous Provisions (Banks) Act, 1974, or any other law for the time being in force relating to agricultural loans."

    • This exclusion includes agricultural land as it is tied to agricultural loans.
  1. Purpose of Exclusion:
    • The SARFAESI Act aims to facilitate faster recovery of secured loans for financial institutions. However, agricultural land is excluded to protect farmers, as their livelihood depends on this land.
    • It is aligned with social justice policies and the constitutional mandate to protect agriculturists and weaker sections of society.
  2. Judicial Precedents:
    • Lakshmi Devi v. Punjab National Bank (2010): The court observed that agricultural land cannot be subjected to proceedings under the SARFAESI Act as per Section 31(i).
    • Indian Bank v. K. Natarajan (2013): The court reiterated the exclusion of agricultural property from the ambit of the SARFAESI Act.

Implications:

  • Secured Creditors: Secured creditors cannot invoke Section 14 or other provisions of the SARFAESI Act to recover loans secured against agricultural property.
  • Alternative Remedies: Lenders may need to rely on other legal mechanisms, such as filing suits under the Civil Procedure Code or negotiating repayment plans, to recover loans associated with agricultural property.

Conclusion:

The exclusion of agricultural property under the SARFAESI Act reflects a balance between enabling efficient loan recovery for financial institutions and safeguarding the interests of farmers who depend on agricultural land for their livelihood.

Recent judicial precedents have provided clarity on the applicability of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002, to agricultural lands. Notably, the Supreme Court has emphasized that the mere classification of land as 'agricultural' in revenue records does not automatically exempt it from the Act's provisions. The actual use of the land at the time of creating the security interest is a crucial determinant.

Key Judicial Precedents:

  1. K. Sreedhar v. Raus Constructions Pvt. Ltd. (2023):
    • The Supreme Court held that for a property to be exempt under Section 31(i) of the SARFAESI Act, it must be actively used for agricultural purposes at the time the security interest is created. The Court stated that mere classification in revenue records is insufficient; tangible evidence of agricultural activity is required.

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  1. Indian Bank v. K. Pappireddiyar (2018):
    • In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the determination of whether land is 'agricultural' should be based on its actual use and the purpose for which it was set apart at the time of creating the security interest. The Court emphasized that revenue records alone are not conclusive evidence of the land's nature.

CaseMine

  1. ITC Limited v. Blue Coast Hotels Ltd. (2018):
    • The Supreme Court observed that even if land is recorded as 'agricultural' in official records, if it is used for non-agricultural purposes, such as commercial activities, it does not qualify for exemption under Section 31(i) of the SARFAESI Act. The intent and actual use at the time of creating the security interest are pivotal.

IndiaCorpLaw

Implications:

  • For Borrowers: To claim exemption under Section 31(i), borrowers must provide concrete evidence of the land being used for agricultural purposes when the security interest was established.
  • For Lenders: Financial institutions should assess the actual use of the land, beyond its classification in revenue records, before initiating proceedings under the SARFAESI Act.

These judgments underscore the importance of the land's functional use over its nominal classification, ensuring that the protections intended for genuine agricultural activities are upheld.

Recent judicial precedents have further clarified the applicability of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002, to agricultural land. Notably, courts have examined whether properties classified as agricultural land fall within the purview of the SARFAESI Act, considering both their classification and actual use.

Key Judicial Precedents:

  1. Co. Ltd vs. The State of West Bengal and Another (16 January 2024):
    • In this case, the petitioner challenged the application of the SARFAESI Act, arguing that the property in question was classified as "Sali" land, a category of agricultural land, and thus exempt under Section 31(i) of the Act.
    • The court observed that the mere classification of land as agricultural in revenue records does not conclusively determine its exemption under the SARFAESI Act. The actual use of the land at the time of creating the security interest is a crucial factor. Since the property had structures indicating non-agricultural use, the court held that the SARFAESI Act was applicable.

Indian Kanoon

  1. Eshwar Purushothaman Gardens v. Authorized Officer, Indian Bank (2023):
    • The petitioner, engaged in agricultural operations, contended that their property was agricultural land and thus exempt from the SARFAESI Act under Section 31(i).
    • The Madras High Court examined the land's classification and actual use, concluding that the property was indeed agricultural. Consequently, the court ruled that the SARFAESI Act did not apply, quashing the bank's possession notice.

CaseMine

  1. K. Sreedhar v. M/S Raus Constructions Pvt. Ltd. (2023):
    • The Supreme Court addressed the applicability of the SARFAESI Act to properties classified as agricultural land.
    • The court emphasized that the classification in revenue records is not solely determinative; the actual use of the land at the time of creating the security interest must be considered. If the land was not used for agricultural purposes, the SARFAESI Act could be invoked.

CaseMine

Implications:

These judgments underscore that both the classification and actual use of the property are pivotal in determining the applicability of the SARFAESI Act. Financial institutions and borrowers must assess the nature and use of the collateral to ascertain whether it falls within the Act's ambit. The courts have clarified that the exemption under Section 31(i) is intended to protect genuine agricultural land used for agricultural purposes, aligning with the legislative intent to safeguard farmers' livelihoods.

he case K. Sreedhar v. M/S Raus Constructions Pvt. Ltd. & Ors. was adjudicated by the Supreme Court of India on January 5, 2023. The neutral citation for this judgment is 2023 INSC 17. The bench comprised Hon'ble Mr. Justice M.R. Shah and Hon'ble Mr. Justice C.T. Ravikumar.

CaseMine

In this landmark decision, the Supreme Court addressed the applicability of the SARFAESI Act, 2002, to properties classified as agricultural land. The Court held that merely being designated as agricultural land in revenue records does not automatically exempt a property from the SARFAESI Act's provisions. The actual use of the land at the time of creating the security interest is a crucial factor. If the land was not utilized for agricultural purposes, the SARFAESI Act could be invoked for recovery proceedings.

Mondaq

This judgment clarifies that the exemption under Section 31(i) of the SARFAESI Act is intended to protect genuine agricultural activities. Properties not actively used for agriculture, despite their classification, may still be subject to the Act's enforcement mechanisms.