⚖️ Core Verbal Structure for Court Arguments

🧾 1. Opening (10–15 seconds)

Start clean and controlled—this sets the tone.

“May it please Your Lordships, the present matter concerns [one-line issue]. The petitioner seeks [specific relief].”

Example:

“…concerns незаконное possession under the SARFAESI Act, and the petitioner seeks setting aside of the possession notice.”

👉 No facts yet. No story. Just issue + relief

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🧩 2. Roadmap (Tell the Court how you’ll proceed)

This is where you gain control.

“I will make three brief submissions:
(i) [Jurisdiction / illegality]
(ii) [Violation of law/procedure]
(iii) [Entitlement to relief]”

👉 This prevents interruption and shows clarity

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📌 3. Submission 1 – Core Legal Point

Start with your strongest point.

“My first submission is that the impugned action is without jurisdiction because…”

Then:

• State the legal principle
• Apply it to your facts

👉 Keep it tight—don’t drift into narration

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📂 4. Submission 2 – Supporting Ground

Build reinforcement.

“Without prejudice, even otherwise, the action is vitiated due to…”

👉 This gives you a fallback if the first point is challenged

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📜 5. Submission 3 – Relief Justification

Now connect everything to relief.

“In view of these submissions, the petitioner is entitled to…”

👉 Judges care about what order to pass, not just theory

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⚖️ 6. Case Law Integration (When needed)

Don’t dump citations—place them strategically.

“This principle is settled by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in [case name], where it was held…”

Then one-line ratio only.

👉 Over-citation weakens impact

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⚔️ 7. Handling Bench Questions (Critical skill)

Structure your response like this:

“Yes, Your Lordship. The position is this…”

Then:

• Direct answer
• Brief explanation
• Return to your structure

👉 Never argue emotionally—stay structured

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🔄 8. Re-Centering Line (If interrupted or lost)

Use this to regain control:

“My primary submission remains…”

👉 This is your reset button in court

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🧾 9. Closing (Very important)

End clearly—don’t fade out.

“In these circumstances, it is respectfully prayed that [specific order].”

Optional:

“Any other order Your Lordships deem fit.”

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🧠 Memory Shortcut (Very useful)

Just remember:

Issue → Roadmap → 3 Points → Relief

That’s it.

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⚠️ Common Mistakes (avoid these)

• Starting with facts (loses attention immediately)
• No roadmap (you’ll get interrupted more)
• Mixing all points together (confuses the Bench)
• Weak closing (judge unsure what you want)

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✔️ Bonus: Ultra-Short Court Version (if time is limited)

“My Lords, the issue is [X].
The action is illegal because [main ground].
Even otherwise [secondary ground].
Hence, the petitioner seeks [relief].”